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However, there were no significant differences between groups for cardiopulmonary, carotid baroreceptor sensitivity, and augmentation index. Also FH + had 17% higher peak FVR compared to FH − ( p = 0.04). Peak FBF of FH + was 19% lower than the FH − ( p = 0.02). Augmentation index, a measure of wave reflection, was assessed using applanation tonometry and was calculated as the ratio of augmented pressure and pulse pressure. Carotid baroreceptor sensitivity was assessed using neck suction at −20, −40, −60, and −80 mmHg and was calculated by dividing RR interval by systolic blood pressure. Cardiopulmonary baroreceptor sensitivity was assessed using lower body negative pressure for 5 min at −20 mmHg and was determined by calculating change of stroke volume and forearm vascular resistance (FVR) to lower body negative pressure.
Peak forearm blood flow (FBF), which was defined as the highest blood flow obtained following reactive hyperaemia, was assessed using strain gauge plethysmography following 5 min of ischemia. Vascular and baroreceptor abnormalities in 44 young males, mean age 21 years, comprising of offspring with (FH + n = 22) and without (FH − n = 22) hypertensive parents, were investigated.
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